In 2003, more than $50 billion was spent globally on commercial software. However, almost $80 billion worth of software was actually installed. The difference represents the size of the software piracy market. The results of a Business Software Alliance (BSA) study show that China, Vietnam, the Ukraine, Indonesia, and Russia are the top five pirating countries. The U.S., New Zealand, Denmark, Austria, and Sweden are at the other end of the spectrum. Stronger copyright laws have been countered by increasing online piracy via spam, auction sites, and peer-to-peer systems, the report concludes.